2D Barcodes are used in a variety of applications with many based on International Industry Standards with wide support in the automotive, banking, government, medical, and Airline industries.
The Document Security Alliance (DSA) released recommendations for helping States meet the minimum requirements of the Real ID Act. 2D Barcodes will be the standard technology for carrying secure data.
Bank checks
A Data Matrix barcode symbol is used in tracking checks for Check 21. (Currently used on United States Treasury checks)
Medical
Hospitals implement it on the patient identification bands for identifying newborn babies and tracking medication.
IATA (International Air Transportation Assoc) Standard
For barcode boarding pass security (anti-terrorism). click on picture

Machinery
Currently NASA, Department of Defense, and US Coast Guard, are marking parts to prevent generic imports of below standard materials. (Quality control)
Credit and ATM cards
An optical symbol like Data Matrix reads more reliably than a magnetic strip and can not be manipulated or copied.
Military Identification Badges
Tamper proof identification cards can hold encrypted data with facial image and fingerprint descriptors.
Stamps
The United States Post Office is using Data Matrix for stamps.